Areas

Nigeria Grid System

Smart Grid

Generation

Majorly centralized stations

Centralized and distributed

Transmission/Distribution line losses

Above ten percent (10%) loss of the total power in the transmission/distribution lines.

About two percent (2%) loss of the total power in the transmission/distribution lines.

System topology

Radial; generally one-way power flow

Closed network; multiple power flow pathways

Operation and maintenance

Manual equipment checks.

Remote monitoring, predictive, time-based maintenance

Reliability

Prone to failures and cascading outages; essentially reactive

Automated, pro-active protection; prevents outages before they start

Power flow control

Limited

Comprehensive, automated

Restoration following disturbance

Manual

Self-healing

Communications

None or one-way; typically not real-time

Two-way, real-time

Metering

Mainly electromechanical

Digital (enabling real-time pricing and net metering)

Customer choice

Few customer choices

Many customer choices